Before phrenology

"Before phrenology all we knew about the brain was, how to slice it" Richard Chenevix, 1828 (Victorian Web). Phrenology was a popular pseudoscience that was founded by Franz Gall. He believed that by examining the bumps on a person's skull, you could determine ones personality characteristics, moral characteristics, and intelligence. Notions such as, are people with large foreheads smarter than people with small foreheads, were at the core of phrenology. This is what led me to pick this topic for this paper. I have always been told I have a large forehead, so I found this topic interesting. By going to hospitals, prisons, and schools Gall gathered evidence to try and support phrenology. By doing this he identified 27 personality characteristics that he believed could be diagnosed by examining areas of the head. He devised maps of the showing the location on the skull of different personality characteristics and abilities. He believed that a large fo!rehead was asso ciated with ones higher intelligence. Gall took his ideas to the general public when his theories started to be ridiculed by other scientists. He began to give "readings" in which he described ones personality based on measuring the bumps on a person's head. Since the mid- nineteenth century, phrenology has been almost completely discredited. Even when it was most popular between the 1830s and 1840s, phrenology was very controversial. It never became an accredited science. Phrenology did become a formalized social activity, which started in Britain. George

Informative Essay Sample on Agenda Setting Theory in Media

Informative Essay Sample on Agenda Setting Theory in Media According to early proponents of the theory (Marx McCombs and Donald Shaw), the media set the agenda for all discussions in the society based on the Agenda setting theory. Agenda-setting theory proposes that the media is a powerful tool used by the media, to shape public opinion concerning events taking place in society. The media set the agenda for discussion in politics, science, and socio-economic issues. The media have the power to tell the society on the issues that are relevant. The issues may not be necessary to the lives of the citizens at the moment. The media also creates public awareness on certain core issues that affect the society. In most cases, the media and the press does not reflect the reality in the society. The core issues on the press depend on their vital interests concerning certain politicians and socio-economic issues that should be presented to the public. The media and the press ensure that they filter and shape reality based on their own interests or the interest of popular politicians in the society. In particular, the press and the media concentrate on certain issues so that the public can view such issues as more crucial than other issues. Media houses and each press has different abilities in shaping public opinion or setting the agenda. Agenda-setting theory becomes relevant because it assists the public to understand the role of the press and media on politics and other communication systems. The press and the media influences thought patterns of people in the society. The ability to tell people on what to think places the media as a powerful tool manipulated by politicians for their own gain.

Collaborative Team Meetings and Collaboration Techniques Essay

Collaborative Team Meetings and Collaboration Techniques - Essay Example There are several elements that must be present in a collaborative team meeting. One of these elements is participation and leadership (Schied 2010). Members of the collaborative team must at all times view themselves as equals. This helps in encouraging and supporting participation. The person with the greatest expertise is normally assumes the role of leader or facilitator. In some cases however, leadership is held by the members in rotation. This is commonly the case when the tasks to be performed are repetitive with members holding responsibilities jointly. The facilitator must be unbiased in the meeting to avoid being regarded as a manipulator. Another element of the collaborative meeting is the establishment of collaborative strategies and goals according to Mcie (1999). Goals and strategies to be achieved by the team must be developed through cooperation. Ensuring that the members of the team understand the goals help in keeping the team on track and helps in directing the teams activities and decision making. Decision making is one thing that cannot be avoided in collaborative team meetings according to (Pascale, 2008). Decision making is a joint responsibility, such decisions being made by consensus. Having consensus as opposed to voting ensures that the decisions made by the team are agreed on by members of the group. Without good communication, decisions cannot be made in a group setting. Collaborative meetings involve communication in which cases members of the team are encouraged to open up and express themselves freely without regard to the extent to which other members will agree with their opinions (Mcie, 1999). Whenever the collaborative team is faced with an issue, brainstorming is applied to come up with possible solutions (Pascale, 2008). The ideas that members in the meeting come up with are noted down and discussed as the meeting progresses. Since

Burberry clothing company UK Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Burberry clothing company UK - Coursework Example Valuation is the main part of investment. The considerable part that creates information that states a proper valuation in the financial statement. In the new Financial Statement Analysis and Security Valuation done by Stephen Penman it shows that students understand how to extract new information in this financial statement by using the data that was obtained and value the firms. By handling the accounting in financial statements and using the financial statements the lenses view the business and assess the value in generating new financial statements (Paul 114). Burberry group plc is the Company that is the main Company in the Burberry Group. The stock exchange has the principal business used in the larger part of these investments. Burberry Group plc and the additions as a Group is the large-scale comfort goods manufacturer, wholesaler and retailer. The Group that is also licensed that other parties manufacture and issue all the products using the Burberry trade marks as the local brand. All the other companies consist of the Groups that mainly control the Company both directly and indirectly (Karen 98). Most of these financial statements were prepared using the ongoing anxiety on the basis of the historical costs and convention that the exception is about the financial instruments that involve good financial statements that is fair and valuable in accordance to the applicable to this accounts (Paul107). The Annual Report and Accounts should take the whole path as required and become a fairly balanced and comprehensive statement that provides all the information that is necessary for the shareholders in assessing the performance of the groups. Therefore, business model and strategy used by the Board is satisfied and had met the obligation that summarizes the responsibilities of directors in the annual financial statements that is set out to provide the report of the auditors and the statements used by the auditors about their reported

The Marketing Environment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Marketing Environment - Assignment Example Brands. Yum which was started by Pepsico Inc. is a major franchise with such names as Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Dong Fang Ji Bai and A & W restautrants. Its main operation strategy has been to establish a franchise (Cyrek, 2009). Franchising is using another firm’s successful business strategy to develop one’s business. The brand of one company is therefore used to sell by another according to a business agreement between the two (Anttonen, 2005). Just like Yum, Subway is a franchise. The main deifference is that wherass Yum offers a variety of services, Subway specializes in fast foods, with sandwiches as their main product. This specialization has given Subway an edge since it is easily identified with the sandwich which is its main widely recognized product. In a way it is the swift expansion program that worked to Yum’s advantage, yet presently they don’t seem to have anywhere else to expand to, since their company has saturated its primary US, European and Asian market (Subway, 2008). Subway still enjoys a lot of room for expansion especially to the newly emergent Chinese market. Marketing the sandwich is therefore a process that will keep expanding for subway in the near future. But the biggest key advantage Subway has is in its name, they mainly market their products in subways with passengers who just find the product very convenient to grab on the way to their destinations (Subway, 2008). Products such as sandwiches do well in markets where people have a relatively high disposable income. A busy environment in which people have tight work schedules that does not give them the extra time to cook for themselves also suffices. Subways which serve customers on transit are quite strategic for selling sandwiches too just as explained above. The main trends that affect the business is economic recession such as the one which started in 2007. Sandwiches may be delicious, but they are classified as luxuries and are thus

Hinduism Essay: History, Beliefs and Culture

Hinduism Essay: History, Beliefs and Culture Hinduism Hinduism is the world’s oldest organized religion existing for 4500 years. Based on the prehistoric Vedic text, it is a faith in constant change. Populated by an infinite amount of gods, the belief system is open to adopting any of the gods produced by younger religions. Reincarnation and Karma are the primary mechanisms of Hinduism. The Hindu religion also consists of a belief that man has seven principles; these principles consist of the Dense Physical Body, the Etheric Double, Prana, The Desire Body, Manas, Atma, and Finally Buddhi. The Indian Subcontinent is home to some of the world’s largest religions. Some of the religions are Jainism, Sikhism, and Hinduism. The word Hinduism is not found anywhere in scriptures, and the term Hindu was introduced by foreigners who referred to people living across the Indus or Sindhu River, in the north of India, around which the Vedic religion is thought to have originated. Hinduism believes that there is only one absolute called Brahman. Nevertheless, it does not advocate the worship of one God. Hindu’s believe that one characteristic of God is human, and their different Devas are nothing but various characteristics of nature, each recognized and worshipped. Sanatana Dharma which also means everlasting religion is a label preferred today for Hinduism. Sanatana reflects the principle that these ways have always existed, while Dharma includes duty, natural law, social welfare, morals, wellbeing, as well as transcendental awareness. Dharma is then a holistic approach to the good of all, subsequent to order in the cosmos. The holy language of Sanatana Dharma ranges from great simplicity to extreme sensuality, from the heights of individual dedication to the heights of intangible beliefs, from metaphysical proclamations of oneness behind the physical world to adoration of images representing a variety of deities. The cultural influences that have made Hinduism essential to the region in which it originated is that thousands of years ago, the beliefs in the Vedas were broken into various schools of thought by philosophers. These values were brought forth experientially by methods of great spiritual discipline. Unlike many other religions, Hinduism is a way of life; Therefore people who practice the Hindu religion attempt to teach their religious values by passing the word to their children and others. There are many sacred teachings that relay the word of Hinduism; the first is called Samhitas, these were hymns of praise to the gods. Soon after there was the Brahmanas, this was a book of guidelines regarding ceremonial sacrifices to the deities, finally, the last of the sacred teachings was the Upanishads, and this was a collection of teachings from highly recognized divine masters. These teachings explained the transformation that results from psychic contribution to the rituals. The Sanatana Dharma honors the divine in numerous forms; As a result, there is a religious celebration in India almost every day. There are sixteen religious holidays that are recognized by the Indian Government. Most Hindu celebrations articulate theology in its happiest parts, these festivals keep the religion alive. Every individual that practices Hinduism typically finds a way in which to place him or herself to a Guru, also known as a saintly educator. The label guru is applied to admired holy guides. Gurus do not declare themselves as teachers; followers are drawn to them because they have achieved the spiritual status the seekers aspire. Gurus are frequently regarded as enlightened individuals. A guru does not provide scholarly training; they offer guidance, good examples, and encouragement to those in search of enlightenment or self-realization. Works Cited Primary Source Easwaran, Eknath. The Bhagavad Gita. Trans. Eknath Easwaran. 2nd ed. Canada: Nilgiri P, 2007. The Bhagavad Gita, Prince Arjuna asks direct, adamant  questions of his holy guide on the eve of a great battle. In this expanded edition of the most renowned of Indian  criptures, Eknath Easwaran analyzes and explains the key concepts of Hindu religious thought and the difficult vocabulary of yoga. Accordingly, this translation uses simple, comprehensible words to convey the poetry, universality, and timelessness of the Gita’s teachings. Secondary Sources Besant, Annie. The Seven Principles of Man. 2nd ed. London: Theosophical Society, 1892. Besant lays out in specific terms the theosophical doctrine of our multidimensional being. Besant claims that mans nature has seven aspects that can be studied from many different points of view, with seven principles consisting of the Atma, Buddhi, Manas, Kama Rupa, Prana, Linga Sharira, and Sthula Sharira. Bhaskarananda, Swami. The Essentials of Hinduism. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: Viveka P, 2002. Bhaskarananda’s book, â€Å"The Essentials of Hinduism† explains the philosophical ideas of Hinduism in a clear and easily understandable way, with many excellent analogies. The book covers the foundation and goal of Hinduism, concepts of God; the four yogas; creation and the three Gunas. The book explores the different spiritual paths, the holy books and doctrines of karma, reincarnation, and predestination. Panikkar, Raimon. A Dwelling Place for Wisdom. Trans. Annemarie S Kidder. Louisville, KY: Westminster, John Knox P, 1993. The title of this book is taken from the first chapter: â€Å"Prepare a Dwelling Place for Wisdom,† a lecture given in Munich by the Panikkar in 1990. The following three long chapters are lectures or essays given at various times and places, now translated into English. Panikkar draws on his broad understanding of Hinduism and Buddhism to present the reader with his unique insights into Wisdom. Wright, Leoline. An Anchient Basis for a New Psychology. Pasadena CA: Theosophical UP, 1998. Leoline Wright looks deeper into each principle of man, like Besant she explores mans nature in seven aspects, and thoroughly investigates the qualities of each principle. Works Cited Primary Source Easwaran, Eknath. The Bhagavad Gita. Trans. Eknath Easwaran. 2nd ed. Canada: Nilgiri P, 2007 Secondary Sources Besant, Annie. The Seven Principles of Man. 2nd ed. London: Theosophical Society, 1892. Bhaskarananda, Swami. The Essentials of Hinduism. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: Viveka P, 2002. Panikkar, Raimon. A Dwelling Place for Wisdom. Trans. Annemarie S Kidder. Louisville, KY: Westminster, John Knox P, 1993. Wright, Leoline. An Anchient Basis for a New Psychology. Pasadena CA: Theosophical UP, 1998. Hinduism and the Seven Principles of man Price Controls: Advantages and Disadvantages Price Controls: Advantages and Disadvantages Price Control I. Introduction In a market economy, such as in the United States, the price of a good reflects the demand relative to the supply. This is a term known as scarcity.(Ten Things 2015) When an item has a high price it is said to be scarcer than an item of lower price. By looking at the relative prices of an item, consumers and producers can choose how to respond to market scarcity.(Ten Things 2015) Higher prices for example, can lead consumers to choose products that require less scarce resources. The government can play a significant role in a market economy in different ways. One of which is by setting what is called â€Å"price controls† on certain products and services. A price control is a maximum or minimum price that a government imposes on specified goods.(Sowell 2011) The most common type of price control is a price ceiling. This is simply when the maximum price is set below the market price. Common examples of price ceilings are rent controls. On the other end of the spectrum is a pric e floor. This is the opposite of a price ceiling in that a minimum price is set below the market price.(Sowell 2011) A common example of a price floor can be found in the agricultural markets. Price controls have existed all over the world for thousands of years and have applied to almost everything at some point in time.(Sowell 2011) According to economist Thomas Sowell price controls are imposed â€Å"in order to keep prices from rising to the levels that they would reach in response to supply and demand†(Sowell 2011) A large topic of interest regarding price control is, what affect does not allowing prices to fluctuate freely according to supply and demand but rather by law, have on the overall market. Most agree that price controls in the long run lead to shortages and surpluses as well as black markets and corruption, however most also agree that in markets where prices are volatile, price controls are a necessary evil. This paper will discuss the advantages and disadvan tages of price controls in regards to maximum and minimum price setting, as well as touch on the policies used to implement them. II. Disadvantages of Price Controls The disadvantages of price controls can be summed into two different scenarios. Both scenarios while relying on completely opposite regulations, lead to an unbalanced market. The first of the two scenarios is when a price ceiling is imposed. To reiterate this is when the maximum price is set by law to be lower than the market price. The instatement of a price ceiling leads to a fundamental Keynesian problem. By keeping prices artificially low, consumers naturally demand more of the product. When this number becomes greater than the producer is willing to supply we have what is called a shortage. Nobel Prize winner Milton Friedman once said, †We economists do not know much, but what we do know is how to create a shortage. If you want to create a shortage of tomatoes, for example, just pass a law that retailers can’t sell tomatoes for more than two cents per pound. Instantly you’ll have a tomato shortage† A market shortage commonly results in one or more of the following negative consequences. Black markets can arise in which products that are unavailable in the regular market are sold.(Price Controls Adv.) This can also be true of products with excess demand that are sold at higher prices than in the conventional market. Black markets often involve non-monetary bargaining methods such as nepotism and violence. Another common result of a market shortage is price discrimination. This is when similar goods or services are priced differently by the same producer to differing regions or groups of consumers.(Investopedia) Essentially this is the practice of charging different prices to different buyers of the same product. Theoretically price discrimination discourages the resale of a good and leads to a decrease in competition.(Investopedia) This is the foundation for a monopolistic economy that does not operate at maximum efficiency. Yet another result of a market shortage is the use of rations, or the controlled distribution of scarce goods and resources. A prime example of when rationing was used is during World War II, when food shortages pushed up prices so high that price controls and rations were used in an attempt to keep the cost of living reasonable. (World War II) Rationing often leads to the emergence of a black market as people seek out goods that are not available in the rationing system. ( The second scenario in the disadvantages of price controls is when the result of a price floor is a surplus. A surplus can be just as detrimental to the market as a shortage. Having an excess supply can result in the market being in disequilibrium. This occurs when the price of a good cannot be adjusted naturally due to price controls. In a state of disequilibrium a market is not operating efficiently. (Price Controls) One example of a price floor that can cause a surplus is that of the labor market. The minimum wage is an example of a price floor, which establishes a base line per hour wage. This can result in employers hiring fewer employees and subsequently the supply of workers exceeds the amount of work available causing the unemployment rate to go up. (Boundless) III. Advantages of Price Controls While there is certainly no arguing that in the long run price controls can lead to major economic drawbacks, there is a brighter history in the success of price controls in the short run. Generally speaking price controls can achieve three things. The first is that certain control regulations can ensure that necessary goods, such as food, remain affordable to most citizens. (Boundless) This can also be seen in more luxury markets such as football games. Tickets to important games are often set at a maximum price rather than the market price (which would often times be absurdly high) in order for the common supporter to attend the game.(Price Controls Adv) Secondly price controls can make sure producers receive enough revenue allowing them to adjust to the market climate and limit the possibility of a shortage. (Boundless)This is extremely important in the commodities market where there is frequent fluctuations in price.(Price Controls) Without price controls farmers would experience extreme ups and downs that would not allow for continued production. Price controls can also help during a time when a shortage has taken place. (Boundless)In the latter case price controls prevent producers from overcharging consumers. The most popular form of when price controls helped during a shortage is in the housing market. The use of a rent ceiling put a limit on the amount landlords could charge their tenants when the market would allow for detrimental price gouging. (Rockoff) Another practical example of a necessary price control is the use of a ceiling on interest rates. A ceiling here can take the pressure off of borrowers who were forced to take out loans in a time of desperation that very well could have been caused by the state of the nation. IV. Analyses of Price Controls Price controls can be quite tricky to analyze because there are contradictory ways of looking at each individual case. Going back to the football ticket example, while a proponent of price control legislation would argue that a ceiling allows for the common fan to attend games, a critic would argue at the same time that a shortage has been created and less total fans attended the game. Both sides are correct yet one policy must be made. This is a prime example of where long-standing political views collide with market economics. In analyses of the negative impacts of price controls one could argue that without letting a market naturally work its way back to equilibrium then we will never achieve efficiency. This is also where the positive impacts of price control show that welfare and market intervention can increase the standard of living. So it is a choice of whether the government wants to adhere to strict economic idealism and respect the balancing nature of Keynesian economics o r if it wants to intervene in order to prevent a possible disaster. I think the answer lies on a case to case basis. For instance in the case for putting a price floor on agricultural products, our country relies on the farming industry for our well-being and survival. Without control of the weather and other exogenous factors farmers often are in need of assistance to survive and I think most economists would argue that the most effective way of helping the would be to have a consistent price floor. In a different case however, such as the pharmaceutical market I believe there should be little government intervention. The danger in such an area is that a proposed price ceiling to make drugs affordable for seniors on Medicare would result in less profit gained by pharmaceutical companies. This would in turn cause a downward trend in their research and innovation spending prohibiting the discovery of new cures and medications. Another example of when a price control wasn’t per haps the best solution was in the 1970’s when the administration rose the demand for gasoline so high that long lines were found at gas stations throughout the country. (Rockoff) Most would agree that a good as necessary as gasoline, especially at the time, should not inhibit a citizens day to day schedule. V. Conclusion So in conclusion, the amount someone is willing to pay for an item is the items price. From here we derive our basic set of supply and demand functions for our market economy. Essential to the market economy is the term scarcity, demand relative to the supply. Scarcity is what determines the market for goods and services. If the government feels the need to intervene in the market it can implement a price control. The government can approach implementing a price control in two different ways. Price controls are defined as when a government sets a minimum or maximum price for a particular good or service. (Sowell 2011) In the arguments for and against price controls it can be found that most all price controls lead to an inefficient economy in the long run but a possible increase in market stability in the short run. (Sowell 2011) It is up to each administration to decide if government intervention is necessary and most economists agree that it is wise to proceed with the utmost cauti on when doing so. Price controls when ineffective can result in not only long term disequilibrium, but also negatively affect the day to day life of citizens. (This can be seen in the oil example of the 1970’s.) When effective price controls can protect both consumers and producers, increase market stability, and maintain a reasonable cost of living.(Such as the farming example) In analyses it is best to determine whether a price control should be used on a case by case basis because each market represents different views, challenges, and characteristics. It is important to learn from the past examples of price controls, as they have been occurring for thousands of years, as they will continue to shape not only our financial future but our political future as well. VI. References Boundless. â€Å"Arguments for and Against Government Price Controls.† Boundless Economics. Boundless, 03 Jul. 2014. Retrieved 25 Feb. 2015 from https://www.boundless.com/economics/textbooks/boundless-economics-textbook/introducing-supply-and-demand-3/government-intervention-and-disequilibrium-49/arguments-for-and-against-government-price-controls-188-12286/ Hugh Rockoff. Price Controls.The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics.2008. Library of Economics and Liberty. Retrieved February 25, 2015 from the World Wide Web: http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/PriceControls.html Parker-Lue, S., Santoro, M., Koski, G. (2015). The Ethics and Economics of Pharmaceutical Pricing. Annual Review Of Pharmacology Toxicology, 55191-206. doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124649 Price controls – advantages and disadvantages. (n.d.). Retrieved February 25, 2015, from http://www.economicshelp.org/blog/621/economics/price-controls-advantages-and-disadvantages/ Price Controls: Maximum and Minimum price. (n.d.). Retrieved February 25, 2015, from http://www.dineshbakshi.com/ib-economics/microeconomics/161-revision-notes/1766-price-controls-maximum-and-minimum-price Price Discrimination Definition | Investopedia. (2007, May 17). Retrieved February 25, 2015, from http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/price_discrimination.asp Sowell, T. (2011).Basic economics: A common sense guide to the economy(4th ed., p. 21). New York, N.Y.: Basic Books. Ten Things Debaters Should Know About Economics. (n.d.). Retrieved February 25, 2015, from http://www.csun.edu/~dgw61315/aboutecon.html World War II on the home front: Rationing. (n.d.). Retrieved February 25, 2015, from http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/ww2-rationing/5922

Electoral college :: essays research papers

A common misconception among American is that when they vote they elect the President. The truth is not nearly this simple. What in fact happens when a person votes is that there vote goes for an Elector. This Elector (who is selected by the respective state in which a vote is cast) casts ballots for two individuals, the President and the Vice-President. Each state has the same number of electors as there are Senate and House of Representative members for that State. When the voting has stopped the candidate who receives the majority of the Electoral votes for a state receives all the electoral votes for that state. All the votes are transmitted to Washington, D.C. for tallying, and the candidate with the majority of the electoral votes wins the presidency. If no candidate receives a majority of the vote, the responsibility of selecting the next President falls upon the House of Representatives. This elaborate system of Presidential selection is thought by many to be an 18th century anachronism (Hoxie p. 717), what it is in fact is the product of a 200 year old debate over who should select the President and why. In 1787, the Framers in their infinite wisdom, saw the need to respect the principles of both Federalists and States Righters (republicans) (Hoxie p. 717). Summarily a compromise was struck between those who felt Congress should select the President and those who felt the states should have a say. In 1788 the Electoral College was indoctrinated and placed into operation. The College was to allow people a say in who lead them, but was also to protect against the general public's ignorance of politics. Why the fear of the peoples ignorance of politics? It was argued that the people, left to their own devices could be swayed by a few designing men to elect a king or demagogue (McManus p. 19). With the Electoral College in place the people could make a screened decision about who the highest authority in the land was to be (Bailey & Shafritz (p. 60); at the same time the fear of the newly formed nation being destroyed by a demagogue could be put to rest because wiser men had the final sa y. 200 years later the system is still designed to safeguard against the ignorant capacities of the people. The Electoral College has remained relatively unchanged in form and function since 1787, the year of its formulation.

Homeplus †Marketing Essay

Background of Homeplus â€Å"Homeplus† was initially owned by Samsung Corporation[1] in 1994. During the Asian financial crisis in 1997, Samsung was affect by the crisis and tried to strive its business in the retail industry. It eventually collaborated with Tesco, a major British retailer in 1999[2]. The joint venture benefited both Samsung and Tesco. Samsung was saved from bankruptcy, in the same time, Tesco was able to enter the tough local retail business because of the partnership with Samsung[3]. Tesco took over 94.68% shares of the company in 2011[4]. Vision – Great Stone Face Homeplus’s vision is to be recognized as the most admired company in South Korea[4][5][6][8]. The company concerns with two major value creation, which are the market and social value. â€Å"Face of Growth† is based upon the market value creation. It involves in stimulating value for customers by clearly understanding customers’ needs, in turn, providing these value to them, which benefits the company in terms of market value maximization[4][6][8]. Referring to customers’ satisfaction, Homeplus emphasizes on reliable shopping value. According to figure 3, there are several factors that the company must consider i.e. low price, wide range, high quality and great services or products. Figure 3 Homeplus – Great Stone Face[6] Figure 3 Homeplus – Great Stone Face[6] â€Å"Face of Contribution† reflects the relationship between Homeplus and its stakeholders. It refers to the social value creation. That is, the company gives importance to its stakeholders and understands their expected value[4][6][8]. Figure 4 Stakeholder Viewpoint[5] Figure 4 Stakeholder Viewpoint[5] According to figure 4, it can be seen that Homeplus is the leading company among its competitors measured by the involvement with its stakeholders especially the local community. The integration of these two faces gives the â€Å"Great Stone Face†, which is Homeplus’s vision of two values creation must be achieved in order to sustain its business long – term. The sustainable growth, together with social contribution is the key driven to gain higher market value and becoming the most admired and respected company in the world[6]. Mission – Artience House Homeplus created its own management structure called ‘Artience House’. The house’s structure logically explained the correlations between each of the elements being applied in its management framework. Figure 5 Homeplus Vision House[5] Core Purpose – Foundation To found a basis of house, Homeplus regards to ‘create increasing value for customers to earn their lifetime loyalty’ as its core purpose explaining the reason why it exist. Values – Pilling To make the foundation firm, Homeplus focuses on ‘values’ in its business execution, which are ‘No one tries harder for customers’ and ‘treat people how we would like to be treated’. 4 Generations Development of New Concept Stores Homeplus has continuously developed its hypermarket concept as shown in the following figure. Figure 6 Homeplus 4 Generations of New Concept Stores[6] Homeplus has developed its store concepts up to the 4th Generation. The following explanation of each generation will be described in details as follows. 1st Generation Homeplus (Samsung and Tesco) entered the retail industry in 1999[2][4]. The 1st generation’s concept was known as â€Å"One Stop Shopping Service†. The company focused on offering low price products to customers. Like other retailers, Homeplus experienced many threats such as high competitiveness and the warehouse – like style discount stores did not really attract customers etc. 2nd Generation A year later, the â€Å"Value Store† concept was introduced in the 2nd development phase in 2000[6][7]. The â€Å"Value Store† was created based upon the customer oriented Korean style[6]. It comprised with â€Å"One Stop Shopping Service† and â€Å"One Stop Living Service†, offering optimal shopping services and other service facilities in a clean environment. â€Å"One Stop Living Service† delivers new floor layouts. The first floor is equipped with food courts, children’s playrooms and other service facilities where the second and third floors are the supermarket and products display[4][6][7]. 3rd Generation The 3rd generation was first introduced in Jamsil 2007[6][7]. Homeplus added â€Å"Emotional Store† to the 2nd generation, offering art and culture to customers. Moreover, the â€Å"Emotional Store† adopts four concepts of Art – being, Well – being, Touching and High Technology to the store[4][6][7]. In other words, it combines art with science, so called â€Å"artience† environment to customers. This include art galleries and function rooms located on the fourth floor expansion of the hypermarket[1][6]. Hence, the â€Å"Emotional Store† concept consisted of â€Å"One Stop Shopping Service†, â€Å"One Stop Living Service† and â€Å"One Stop Touching Service†. 4th Generation Homeplus recently introduced a new concept for the 4th generation in 2011[6][7]. This radical shift differed from other development phases where it combined the services both online and offline shopping and created a new innovative shopping concept. The â€Å"Smart Virtual Store† concept was developed and it became the first virtual shopping concept in the world[1][8]. The â€Å"Smart Virtual Store† provides a new way of shopping in subway stations. It aims to persuade customers to shop â€Å"Anywhere, Anytime and Anyplace† regardless time and space[6][7]. The concept was created inversely to traditional stores by bringing the stores to customers rather than waiting for them to visit the stores[6][7]. Homeplus launched applications that smart phones or tablets can recognize products’ barcodes by interfacing information embedded in the online store[6][7]. Homeplus installed â€Å"shelves†, displaying more than 500 products featured with QR codes are pictures plastered on the subway station’s glass walls, which could be scanned, purchased through smart phones applications[1]. The products consists of 3 categories and 11 subdivisions i.e. Daily Takeouts, Tesco Direct Souring, most frequently selected items known as Best 100 and Happy Range consisting of infant cares etc[6][7]. Moreover, purchased goods deliveries can be arranged and arrive in minutes or hours. This concept also pleasure commuters that are waiting for their train. The first virtual store is located in Sellong subway station, which is one of the busiest stations in South Korea’s capital city, Seoul. Later on, the installment took place at Seomyeon, Busan and expanded to Kwanghwamoon bus station in Seoul[6][7]. It is believed that the virtual shopping is one of Homeplus’s creative innovations that helps expanding the online sales rather than investing on new stores that requires huge amount of capital. The expansion of the smart virtual store is expected to be locating at busy pedestrian areas, offices, parks as well as universities and college campuses etc[6][7][9]. The figure below is a â€Å"Smart Virtual Store† in Sellong subway station. Figure 7 Homeplus Smart Virtual Store in Sellong Subway Station Figure 7 Homeplus Smart Virtual Store in Sellong Subway Station Leading Innovation and Development Leading IT Systems Due to Tesco’s leading role of Information Technology, Homeplus employed some of Tesco’s current technologies to its operation. Examples of effective analytical systems deployed by Homeplus are Product Management System (PMS) and Radio Frequency Identification Pilot Project (RFID)[6][7]. Self-Checkout System Homeplus runs the first self-checkout system in Korea. This system is currently being operated at 58 stores and provides customers with more convenient and reliable shopping environment[6]. It can not only reduce waiting time, but also enable customers to arrange their goods by themselves. By using this system, customers can keep private of the goods they purchased, and avoid making their credit card data to be disclosed. Automatic Queuing System In Yeongdeungpo store and Jamsil store, Homeplus introduced the automatic customer queuing system to optimize their customer’s shopping experience. Instead of lining up in front of the cashiers, customers are automatically queued with queue numbers. It has maximized the efficiency of both customers and cashiers. With this system being utilized in retail market, the operation of check out has become more flexible[6]. New systems and the customers’ parliament Homeplus decided to adopt the lotus system for retailing, which had achieved the global standard and was flexible enough to manage a rapid expansion [21]. Meanwhile, in terms of Development of alternative technologies [10], Homeplus introduced a self-checkout system and a smart card system, which can automatically count products in a shopping cart. Automatic queue counting technology is another introduced method, which is aiming to eliminate waiting in checkout lines. Also, the self-order and self-pay system has also been introduced to apply in their food courts. Additionally, Homeplus has its own philosophy that all of its stores are the customers’ parliament and places great importance on seven types of customer surveys conducted 200 times annually [17]. PMS (Product Management System) Homeplus initially set up the Product Management System (PMS) in 2004[6][7]. The PMS is an Oracle developed system, which is used to analyze and predict demand, stock ordering and promotion tools. The system is considerably accurate in terms of profitability management. Moreover, the data storage can be stored more than two years. The PMS helps supporting functions that in weak areas of existing domestic systems such as researching on demand analysis and stock inventories etc. The objectives of PMS is to reduce operating costs in all areas from product ordering, merchandise management, price inventory planning to increasing productivity[6]. Radio Frequency Identification Pilot Project (RFID) Occurring in the same year as the PMS, Homeplus adopted the Korean government’s Radio Frequency Indentification Pilot Project (RFID)[6][7]. The RFID is an innovative technology that enables product tracking utilizing embedded semiconductor chips. The product tracking process can be applied across the entire cycle since the production stage to ware – house phase and distribution process. Additionally, Homeplus was the first company in South Korea that developed RFID card to monitor customers’ buying characteristics[6][7]. The data can be collected via electronic tags that are embedded in shopping trolleys. The collected information helps the company to improve product displays to be more convenient for customers. The â€Å"Smart Pallet† was Homeplus’s 1st RFID pilot project that tracks pallets movement in and out among three suppliers; distribution centres, stores and KPP[6]. The development of the 2nd pilot project enhanced the revision of business model creation and operation of individual product. Leading Innovation in Distribution In 2003, Homeplus established its very own distribution service centre called â€Å"Mokcheon Distribution Service Centre†. Two years later, the company built the â€Å"Haman Fresh Food Distribution Service Centre†, which is currently the biggest agricultural and fishery products distribution in Asia[6]. The distribution centres are built to support the rapidly increase in sales due to the opening of new hypermarkets. The following figure indicates Mokcheon and Haman distribution service centres’ capacities. Figure 8 Mokcheon and Haman Distribution Service Centres’ Capacities[6] Suppliers – Shared Growth & Fair Trade For balancing the two wings of itself and suppliers, Homeplus found the ‘Shared Growth Division’ to implement the shared growth policies on six areas (Fair trade, Funding, Cooperation and Technology Support, Export Support, Education Support, Management Support)by collected opinions and comments from suppliers, and to build up sustainable partnership with suppliers. To specific, Homeplus strive to provide the fair trade and free competition with customers and suppliers; and it operates the Vendor financing system to gain more funding support; for the sake of efficiency of distribution, Homeplus supplies cooperative measures and technical support for suppliers and Develop PB products with suppliers and help excellent SMEs expand into overseas markets; Due to The learning ability of one enterprise which decides their future, Homeplus built up an academy, it give staff an opportunity to pursue lifelong education. To improve product competitiveness, Homeplus contributes to strengthen quality control system of suppliers by cooperating with external and internal experts[6][7]. Customer Value * We understand customers and do our best to satisfy them. Generally, customers always play a significant role in a successful company. Sometimes, the opinions of customers might impact the operation direction of a firm. Consequently, customer value can be used as a catalyst in creating a new advanced strategy in an organization. As the second generation store of Homeplus, they built a new construct named â€Å"Value Store† which was focusing on the convenient living conditions. Home Plus provided one stop living service and one stop shopping service, especially the one stop shopping service included cosy shopping, full range of goods, lower price, better quality and extensive customer service. The top managers of Home Plus trained their stuff to understand customers, satisfy the requirements of customers first and act the responsibilities of the company [6]. Figure 10 Community Centre Store Concept[5] Homeplus also does several kinds of customer surveys to hear customer ideas, in order to serve them better. They built a customer plan including several elements which are low price, wide range of product, high quality and great service. Each of the elements contained several items to examine the emotional data from the responders. The data have closely related to the transformational leadership which could decision the strategy of the company to covert the learning organization to innovative company[6].

Racism.

Racism. For the first time in the history of the United States racial and ethnic groups, once thought of as minorities, are beginning to outnumber the percentage of white Americans. Our nation's diversity has already begun to alter everything in society from politics and education, to industry, values, and culture. This is an extremely hard concept for many whites to accept. Long before this issue became a concern, our presumption of the "typical" United States citizen was someone who could trace his or her line of ancestry to Europe one way or another. Racism refers to any inherited physical characteristics such as skin color, facial features, hair texture, behavior patterns, personality traits, or intellectual abilities. In recent years, the definition for racism was modified to include social attitudes and occurrences. Racism usually takes the form of a claim that some human races are superior to others whether it's based on language, religion, or manners.Martin Luther King, Jr.Most peopl e donot realize it but yes, racism is still a huge issue in today's world.White people are always comparing other races to themselves as if theyare the best race of all and they are the ones that set the standard. Some whitepeople deny being racist in any way but what they don't realize is there justas racist as any buddy else that is. They still judge and assume things justbecause of the color of another human being's skin. Colored people do nothave it as easy as white people do just because they have a different color ofskin and society has taught the generations of kids and previous kids and willprobably teach our future kids to be racist.Most people do not look at another person's character or their actions orhow they feel or there opinion in certain areas but most of their attention goestowards their ethnic back round and skin color, or how a person looks on theoutside. Martin Luther King was a very courageous man who openedpeople's eyes on the issue of racism and showed people how different racesare being treated by the white race. He tried to show that it was what was inthe inside of a person that counts not there skin color or ethnicity.I think people are individually different in many ways, not by the fact ofthere skin color but there skills and their skills come from there ethnic backround which make them special in their own way and also make them betterin certain areas than other people. I do not make any assumptions until I meeta person there skin color means nothing to me, their character, attitude, moralvalues are what is important to me. People are people and should be treatedlike it and not be demoted because of skin color their color and ethnicity iswhat makes them unique as an individual person.

Academic Integrity Journal

Academic Integrity Journal Academic integrity is a noble ethic which all educational administrators, instructors and students need to observe Recently, there have been several incidents of cheating which have compromised the quality of education offered in several learning institutions.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Academic Integrity Journal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cheating and plagiarism are dishonest academic practices which affect educational standards negatively. This paper will discuss how cheating and plagiarism affect academic practices in different learning environments. Many learning institutions in the country are affected by incidents of cheating and other academic malpractices. Students cheat in exams due to different reasons. Many students cheating to enable them get good grades after their exams have been marked. They cannot tolerate failure because they feel it has a negative impact on their reputation. They resort to cheating to avoid being held responsible for their academic shortcomings. Students are tempted to cheat in exams to satisfy their teachers’ and parents’ expectations. Parents exert a lot of pressure on their children to perform well at school, which drives them to cheat in exams. Some parents do not take failure by their children in examinations, lightly (Daly). They scold their children whenever they receive poor grades in school. Parents need to encourage their children to improve their academic performance, even when they fail. This will reduce the pressure which students have to deal with in educational institutions. Teachers and other education professionals need to observe high moral standards in their duties to discourage students from cheating. Academic dishonesty reflects negatively on an instructor’s professionalism because it shows that he or she failed to prepare students for exams. Instructors need to understand their students to find out what dr ives them to cheat in exams. They need to teach students to have integrity in learning to make them good citizens in future. Academic dishonesty needs to be discouraged to make students learn virtues of hard work, patience and resilience. Students who are morally upright are willing to accept results they get after sitting for their exams. Students need to be made aware on how cheating impacts negatively on their future (Strauss).Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some students register good grades in college but they are unable to perform responsibilities assigned to them at work. Students who cheat in college examinations fail to acquire skills to help them perform their work responsibilities effectively. Educational authorities need to put in place strict measures to curb academic dishonesty. Students and teachers who engage in cheating and plagiarism need to be punished t o make them stop this habit. Harsh penalties need to be imposed to make more instructors and their students aware of the consequences of cheating. This approach will serve as a deterrent to academic dishonesty. Educational authorities need to come up with laws that criminalize cheating to ensure the habit does not take root in many institutions. Instructors who are found to abet or encourage cheating by students need to have their teaching licenses revoked. This will make them take their professional responsibilities more seriously. Administrators and other stakeholders in educational institutions, need to discourage their students from cheating, to ensure they maintain high levels of integrity in their studies (Strauss). Academic dishonesty is a critical issue which needs to be tackled effectively by all education professionals in the country. Teaching professionals who supervise and evaluate examinations need to be more vigilant to ensure students do not engage in any form of chea ting. Educational institutions need to work with relevant authorities to recommend how examinations. This will ensure questions which students are asked are not very complex. Students should only sit for exams which conform to their levels of education and syllabus coverage. Robbins reveals that students are motivated to cheat when they feel exam questions are too complex for their understanding. This makes them resort to cheating to help them pass their exams (Robbins). Educational experts who formulate exam questions need to liaise with teachers and other curriculum experts to ensure students sit for appropriate exams.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Academic Integrity Journal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Collaborations between teachers, examination boards and curriculum experts help to reduce cheating incidents in educational institutions. Students need to be told which sections of the learning curriculum ar e examinable, to enable them prepare for exams properly. This will reduce the temptation that drives them to cheat in examinations. Recently, Washington DC, Atlanta and Texas have been in the news for wrong reasons because of rampant cheating in exams by high school and college students (Robbins). One of the leading academic institutions the country, Harvard, has also been affected by a cheating scandal. Investigations which were carried out revealed that some students plagiarized answers and others copied their friends’ work. This scandal has tarnished the reputation of the institution. This shows how academic honesty has become widespread and need to be controlled before educational standards deteriorate. In conclusion, all stakeholders in educational institutions need to work harder to reduce incidents of cheating by students. This will discourage students from engaging in academic malpractices which affect educational standard in the country. This will reduce cheating inc idents in academic institutions thereby improving learning outcomes. Daly,Tim. â€Å"Atlanta Cheating Scandal: Why Dont More Kids Cheat?† Huffington Post. Hufffington Post, 29 Apr. 2013. Web. Robbins, Rebecca D. â€Å"Harvard Investigates Unprecedented Academic Dishonesty Case.† The Harvard Crimson. Harvard Crimson, 30 Aug. 2012. Web. Strauss, Valerie. â€Å"How They Cheated on D.C Tests: Excerpts from New Report.† The Washington Post. Washington Post, 14 Apr. 2013. Web.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Cause and effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Cause and effect - Essay Example Racial separatism can be seen on campus-black theme dorms, black student unions, black yearbooks etc. The dorms for the white people will be arranged separately and the white students were allowed to form separate unions for their activities because of the racial discrimination policies adopted by the authorities. Most of the members of the authorities are actually against such discriminations. But only a minority still insists separate activities for the black students. Liberal attitude is more prominent in America at present which has been reflected in the recently concluded president elections. Black students have always the lowest Grade Point Average (GPA) as per the norms formulated by most of the university authorities. But the authorities will never take any conscious actions to increase the GPA of the black students. They feel that, it is not necessary to raise the grades of the black as that will be harmful to the interests of the white. Black students were always blamed for whatever the unhappy incidents happening in the American universities. It is difficult for a black student to prove his innocence in front of the authorities if the person on the other side happens to be a white. The efforts for finding out solutions for the current discrimination in American universities should start from the grass root level. The authorities should never allow any discrimination in their campus as far as racial differences are concerned. The blacks and the whites should be encouraged to mingle freely in the campus and all the campus activities must be conducted with the equal participation of both black and whites. The behaviours of the authorities should never inject a false feeling of â€Å"being privileged† in the minds of the white. The campus violation of the rules by both the black and white must be treated and punished equally. The below

Restriction Fragment Pleomorphism Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Restriction Fragment Pleomorphism - Coursework Example Restriction enzymes are highly specific in nature and single alteration in its recognize site (Restriction site) leads to complete inhibition of its activity. In RFLP technique particular gene having restriction site for an enzyme is used to generated DNA fragment(. If there was a mutation in this gene leads to altered restriction site which subsequently resultant in to DNA fragment having altered length. Based on size of a fragment and comparing with standard one can conclude mutation in given gene. Here in case of sample A three bands were obtained when digested with DdeI indicating heterozygous for Gal6V while XhoI digest indicates homozygous for Gal6V clearly indicating anomaly in the results as digestion with two different enzymes give exactly opposite results. Comparing the banding pattern of Gel1A with theoretical banding of standard, there should be 3bands on XhoI digest compared to single band on DdI in case of Gal6V homozygous. But the banding pattern obtained on image 1A was not fitting in to the criteria indicating abnormal preparation. thus all the interpretation were drawn from gel 1B. in case of sample B there was three bands found corresponding to homozygous for CD5(-CT) standard sample while it was found to be heterozygous for GAL6V. Similarly sample C was found to be heterozygous for CD5(-CT) and heterozygous for Gal6V. Three control samples were given as standered namely C1 homozygus for Gal6V, C2- normal individual and C3 homozygus for CD5(-CT). Banding patte rn obtained after digestion with DdeI and XhoI was as shown in fig 1A and 1B. Tabel 1 indicates phenotype and genotype of given sample. Table 1: Summary of Genotype and Phenotype of given sample Sample DdeI enzyme XhoI enzyme Genotype Phenotype A Glu6Val / + CD5(-CT)/ CD5(-CT) Heterozygous Glu6Val and Homozygus CD5(-CT) Thalassemia disease carrier of sickle cell anemia fetus B Glu6V/+ CD5(-CT)/ CD5(-CT) Heterozygous Glu6Val and Homozygus CD5(-CT) Thalassemia disease carrier of sickle cell anemia fetus C Glu6Val / + CD5(-CT)/ + Heterozygous Glu6Val Heterozygus CD5(-CT) Carrier sickle cell Crrier CD5(-CT) Conclusion: Genotyping of given sample were carried out using RFLP technique. The main objective of this study was to identify and differentiate closely related genetic disorder namely sickle cell anemia and thalassemia. Experimental results have indicated that there was some anomaly in electrophoretic patterns and thus experiments has to be performed again be for came in to any conclusion. Similarly experiments have demonstrated both aspect of RFLP at on side the technique was found to be easy, rapid and sensitive while other side it was found that it has some limitations like repeatability, requirement of large