soc 1500 esaay and proposal guidelines Winter 2019 Essays - Articles

SOCIOLOGY *1500 CRIME AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE Department of Sociology and Anthropology University of Guelph Winter 2019 Essay Proposal and Essay Guidelines Criminological theories are often used to understand and explain criminal behaviour and the functioning of the criminal justice system. As you will learn in class, many theories have been developed to uniquely account for, understand, and explain crime. Generally speaking, where biological and psychological theories of crime focus on the individual, classical and contemporary sociological explanations are more interested in understanding the influences of groups and social contexts. For this assignment, you will apply two criminological theories learned in class to help us understand why a crime committed in North America in the last 20 years may have occurred. You will obtain relevant details of the crime from reports published by major North American news organizations or other reputable outlets. Care fully review the following information which inc ludes guidelines for writing essay proposals and essays, important formatting details, and responses to frequently asked questions (FAQ) Formatting and Submission Instructions: Papers (proposal and essay) must be doubled-spaced with 12 point font in Times New Roman. Please include page numbers and word count for your essay. Please use APA referencing format. You may use first-person pronouns if you wish. Please submit your work via the Dropbox on our Courselink. Please submit your proposal and essay in either Microsoft Word or PDF only. Please include a cover page with your essay topic title, your name and your U of G Student ID number. Essay Proposal Guidelines: Value: 10% of your Final Grade. Length: 1-1.5 pages, double-spaced. Please submit via the Dropbox on Courselink Your proposal will provide a brief introduction to the essay you plan to write. It will allow you the opportunity to receive written feedback about your ideas and the theories you plan to use. You may use subheadings in your proposal to organize your work. a. You should begin by providing a one-paragraph description of the crime that you will analyze. At this point your description does not need to be overly detailed, but you should provide enough information for your TA to assess whether the theories you have chosen are the best fit for your argument. b. The crime you select must have occurred in North America within the last 20 years (i.e. the criminal event occurred within the last 20 years, not the trial or appeal) c. Your paper will focus on a specific offence/group of offences perpetrated by an individual/group of individuals. d. You must cite a least 1 news source in your essay proposal. Theories Next, identify the 2 theories you will use to analyze the crime you have selected and briefly explain why these theories may be useful for understanding why that crime occurred. For each theory, you should first describe the theory in your own words (1-2 sentences so we know you understand that theory) and then explain how that theory can be used to help understand why the crime you selected may have occurred (2-3 sentences). Please look through our textbook to identify theories that you might find useful (we likely will not have covered them in class before your proposal is due). Thesis Finally tell us what your essay's argument will be. As a reminder, a thesis sentence is used to convey your argument to your reader. Your thesis must convey an argument; that means it should go beyond a simple statement identifying the two theories you will apply. Please DO NOT use direct quotes in your proposal. Please paraphrase everything (in your own words) so we know you understand the material before you go on to write your essay. Essay Guidelines Value: 25% of your Final Grade Length: 4-5 pages double-spaced 12 point font in Times New Roman Please submit via the Dropbox on Courselink. Your essay will build upon the essay proposal by more fully describing the crime you have chosen to study and by presenting your argument as to how the two theories you have identified may be used to understand why the crime occurred. You must cite at least 3 news sources in your essay. All material that is not your own (any ideas, statements, quotations) must

Ethical Dilemma Essay Sample

Ethical Dilemma Essay Sample Essay on Ethical Dilemma If You Saw Your Best Friends Cheat on a Test, What Would You Do? Always remember that when you cheat or planning to cheat, then you always lose. This is especially when you are going to cheat on your exams because you are attempting to outsmart your professor or teacher by means of violating the rules. If you happen to see your best friend cheating, it is important to remind them that what they are doing is inappropriate. Cheating is not acceptable and therefore anyone who is caught cheating will face punishments from the teacher. The teacher is not the only one who will provide punishments because the school is expected to apply the same. This is because cheating is the most unacceptable form of offense at school because it can generate a public scandal to the community. As the best solution, it is important to approach your best friend and inform that their recent action is unacceptable. Getting caught could risk their academic status, especially if there is a proof to show to the school administration such as the principal. Promoting awareness regarding the consequences of cheating is implied because the best friend will soon realize that the value of honesty. As a best friend, acting as a guide is important because it shows how concerned you are to your friend who is drawn into an action that is not acceptable. This is instead of reporting your best friend to the teacher or school administration that he cheated on a certain activity such as exams. In this way, your best friend will feel that you seriously care for them and are now willing to follow your advice not to repeat the same mistake for the next school assignment process. The only concern is to know what is going on inside the head of that particular best friend. This is because they think that they are offended by the situation. Some best friends argue when their action is seen by them as the rightful thing. There are numerous reasons to consider because there are factors that influence a person to commit such behaviors, which forces them to commit such actions. Criticisms are sometimes not the rightful way to approach your best friend to take such actions. In this case, the relationship between friends is at risk for being strained. Telling your best friend that his act was wrong during the exam should be treated with a proper approach to ensure that you are going to tell them using the right approach as well as using the right word. Cheating is the mortal sin of education because it is an act of taking advantage of the subject matter against the practices of any academic institution. When a person cheats, they violate the policies of the school where they are currently learning. Students who commit such acts are usually suspended from school because it negatively affects the performance of the school. Disciplining the student in a right manner ensures that the response becomes subjective, relevant, and appropriate to prevent similar offenses in the future. Always remember that there were students who were expelled from the school because they were caught cheating in their previous classes by their teachers and school administration. Every offender offends the moral and ethical values of learning because they are taking advantage against the law’s implementation that could lead them to a humiliating consequence after committing an unacceptable action (Blumenthal, 2013). Reference Blumenthal, William (2013). Models for merging the US antitrust agencies.  Journal of Antitrust Enforcement. Oxford Journals.  1  (1): 24–51.

Design History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design History - Essay Example In 2007 the residence was ranked 29 in the America Favourite architecture by the AIA. Frank was given this opportunity at the age of sixty seven by Edgar Kaufmann who was an established businessman. Fallingwater Part 1: Materials-Conservation Efforts at Frank Lloyd Wrights Masterpiece analyzes the conservation measures that were used in the erection of the Fallingwater building. The reviving of the query to supply rocks that were to be used in the construction was one of the ways of coming up with the building that bet all odds and today stands as a tourist attraction site. The Falling water clearly depicts Wrights passion for Japanese architecture which mainly involves sensibility of space. The design of the falling water places harmony between nature and human beings. The fire place integrates with the boulders found on the surrounding site and the ledge rock protrudes through the living room to the root also brings out the link between the inside and outside. He majored in the interpenetrating the interior and external spaces. He has connected the site with the house and even includes the sounds from the waterfall. He waxed the floors and left the hearth plain creating impression of rocks protruding from a river. This shows Wright’s prowess and exceptional skill in integrating the details of his design. His unique skill is also shown in the mixing and blending of the colours. The colours he used in painting the house blends well with the natural surrounding environment (Toker, 2007). This also brings out the harmony of the residence and the e nvironment. This architectural design shows that Wright had a keen understanding of structural properties of the materials and he could also reflect and implement structural ideas. Smaller details are revealed through integration. This can be evident from the fact that there is absence of metallic frames in areas where the glass

Data Analysis - International Market Research & Forecast Background Assignment

Data Analysis - International Market Research & Forecast Background - Assignment Example Foreigners are made to obtain visa before making their way into the company. At the same time, the visa is made to stay almost 60 days before it cab be realised officially. All businesses are expected to register with investment promotion Authority. All the information concerning taxes and tariffs are provide by the IPA, only upon request. Obtaining information this way was encouraged since the national websites do not provide up to date information. Food items are not literary prohibited therefore they are permit-less. All of Port Moresby’s population estimation is 307, 643. It has a media age of 22, which reflects on cultural lifestyle. This is because younger generation are moving into the city, while the older generations stay at home. Its currency is PGK; it is also notable that public transport is by PMV. Here buses and taxes are the main transformational means that is currently servicing the whole area of Port Moresby. Communication in this town is by phone and social Medias. This is made possible since many are using smart phone technology as well as landline, which is mostly used by the business people. English is the main language; however, other known languages are the Tok Pisin. A widely used and well understood language also the Hiri Motu and Creole languages. In the country, it should be noted that several generations are dwelling less than one roof, despite of the house hold structures being of extended calibre. Here, elders are respected. The main religion is Christianity, and the most popularly one are the SDA. Further, it should be noted that the families are valued and then close knitted. Lastly, many people in this area reside in settlements or villages, sustaining themselves through farming, fishing as well as hunting. Recently, the internet has been upgraded from dial up connections to a speed wireless broadband. The unlimited wireless cost usually amount to almost K100 a month.

Liberal Arts vs Science Essay Example for Free

Liberal Arts vs Science Essay Liberal arts deal with the sections of education that specialize in imparting general knowledge to learners. This is usually meant to build a strong intellectual capacity on general subjects that would not require technical or even professional skills. The sections of arts that are basically seen as to be in this category include languages, philosophy, music, basic arithmetic and history. In as much as humanities are considered to be part of liberal arts, they my lean towards scientific processes like those in geography and research sciences. On the other hand, sciences are based on technical subjects like physics and chemistry. Scientific knowledge is specific and can be based on a plethora of scientific specialties. Some examples may include biology, physics, engineering and medicine. Other areas in sciences that are specific can include actuarial science and applied mathematics. Developments in the current world of education indicate that more and more students are being encouraged to specialize on sciences than liberal arts. Does this signal that liberal arts are dead and everything is now about science and technology? Specialists in many quarters have advanced arguments that point to the fact that liberal arts are dying fast. Reasons include the fact that more professionals in sciences receive better compensation packages than their counterparts in liberal arts. The idea that liberal arts are a dying section of education is supported by facts. This is due to the fact that more and more people are embracing education in sciences that seem to be generally more appealing. The Industrial Revolution experienced in the world over seemed to emphasize the fact that the world would lean more towards technical aspects of education than on the arts. During the onset of this revolution in the late nineteenth century, inventions in sciences drove many to pursue technical subjects as they seemed to be leading to the most lucrative jobs. Examples lay in the engineering and other technological fields that had strong foundations in sciences. As such, many institutions that were recruiting prospective employees developed pay packages that were tailored to be better than those for employees in the liberal art field. Other factors that point to this being true include the declining budgetary allocation in universities that specialize in liberal arts. This was aggravated by the recession experienced during the period 2008-2009. A study showed that most students who had degrees in the fields and disciplines in liberal arts suffered job cuts and lay-offs during this period (Cook 1) (The Death of Liberal Arts: How the Recession and Unemployment are making Schools and Students Rethink the Value of an Education in The Humanities 1). The numbers of tertiary institutions that offer courses in these fields have declined by nearly a hundred since the early nineties to date. Despite this trend in developments, there are facts that point towards this being the truth and there are some others that seem to dispute this idea. Current job markets indicate that every employee has to have at least some basic technical knowledge. This may mostly lie in the knowledge of Information Technology (IT). It is prudent to observe that in the modern world, nearly all organizations insist on recruiting employees who have basic knowledge on how to process data using computers. This may be in writing documents or even manipulating data to obtain a desired result. Therefore, most organizations recruit prospective employees with basic computer proficiency skills. These skills are deemed to be mandatory in communication and other day-to-day activities in the office. On the other hand, most companies that are recruiting prospective employees are insistent upon the ability of employees to integrate with the community. This would include the immediate community living within the precincts of the location of such companies or even the prospective customers. To have such abilities, one needs to have studied some form of psychology or even sociology. These form part of the liberal arts. Consequently, these companies recruit employees who have studied in these fields and hence have the abilities to mingle with the said people. This knowledge might be important in marketing or even companies that deal in communications and customer care. Therefore, there are job market patterns that may seem to suggest that liberal arts may not be totally dead. Kathleen Haney, a professor of Philosophy of Education in the University of Houston-Downtown, opines that in the view of a layman, liberal arts are dead. She observes that liberal arts are mainly important in the formative years of education such as the elementary and secondary education. Later on, when a student needs to become more skilled in specific subjects, he may need the knowledge acquired in the elementary and secondary that dealt more on liberal arts. Such skills might include languages so as to communicate with others well. However, in â€Å"The Liberal Arts and the End of Education†, she explains the need for everyone to view liberal arts as losing its shine due to the influence of development. Development, she insists, impresses upon scholars the need to embrace more technical subjects. This she attributes to the need by more organizations to employ people who have knowledge in practical-oriented subjects like sciences. In as much as her works seem to approve of this as the trend, she however goes ahead to implore us to change our mind-frame so that we can see liberal arts as pivotal in enabling us to be able to be proficient in these practical subjects. She insists that the more technical subjects would need the services of liberal arts to survive. This she subtly alludes to when she says that languages are the essence of understanding and communication. Therefore, she agrees to the fact that liberal arts are losing their shine due to the current patterns in job markets. She however does not encourage this as it might be of detriment to ignore important sections of liberal arts like languages. The trend that she observes goes way back in time and is founded from the early times. The enthusiasm with which liberal arts were embraced before the Industrial Revolution has considerably gone down due to the mentioned facts. There seems to be a number of reasons that have been fronted for this kind of happening. It is only natural that for this, there has to be some form of consequences. The future generations face a more challenging task of trying to ignore or even do without an important part of education. As a matter of fact, the consequences might have very heavy repercussions on education in general. The main factor that will contribute to this is the need for people who can efficiently communicate in certain settings. For instance, when languages are abolished in the curriculum, students will need extra efforts to learn foreign languages so that they can earn whole-some multi-cultural competency. An example is when a company needs to venture into a foreign market and it requires one of the staff members to be able to communicate to the natives in their language. This would mean that the staff will be required to learn the native language of the people residing in the area. This might be expensive to undertake as the only other option is to employ a native. Many people have come up with arguments in support of the notion that liberal arts are dead. However, there are some writers who have come up with opposing arguments that seem to be water-tight. The American Council of Learned Societies has come up with issues that seem to show that the liberal arts are still popular in colleges. It discusses the importance of liberal arts in communication and the full understanding of human nature (American Council of Learned Societies 1) (Liberal Arts in American Higher Education: Challenges and Opportunities 1). It is subjects like philosophy and psychology that enable scientists like doctors and psychiatrists to understand how to deal with illnesses of the human mind. Coupled with this, the languages help in comprehension of several issues. Their argument is based on the fact that liberal arts build a comprehensive understanding of the human being. This seems to be a very convincing argument since most of sciences deal in the physical part of a human being but not on the moral, spiritual and social part. In the international arena, the science vs. art debacle has taken various forms depending on situations. For instance, many parents still insist on their children taking more professional courses as opposed to them having to take courses in liberal arts. It is of interest to note that many writers attribute this to the different priorities that people in the different social classes have. For instance, many students in the upper middle class will not feel pressured to earn degrees in the professional courses that are not seen as art-based. On the other hand, students who have to work to earn money for their fees have always chosen professional courses over the liberal arts. This has been attributed to the fact that the students from affluent families have no worries about fees and which college they feel they want to attend. Their schooling is a matter of choice as opposed to students with limited financial abilities who will be restricted to their budgets due to financial constraints. In conclusion, it has been shown that liberal arts are losing attention as an important part of education. Many factors have pointed to this. It is important to note that the need to study other technical subjects important in scientific development have led this. It is also important to note that the foundations of basic education are laid through the use of liberal arts like languages. Therefore, it is pragmatic to stop this trend before it leads to harm. The fact that more and more institutions are beginning to lower the budgetary allocations on liberal arts is worrying. It is worth noting that the recession exposed the weakness in the humanities sector of education as professionals in this field suffered more job cuts. This would actually lead to anyone conclusively saying that the liberal arts are actually dead. However, many a writer has sufficiently come up with arguments that signify the importance of liberal arts in the current and future settings. Therefore, while it is important to note that liberal arts are dying, it is a task set upon us to develop curricula that will ensure that the sections that liberal arts cover in education are taken over by an equally fulfilling branch of education. References Cook, N. The Death of Liberal Arts: How the Recession and Unemployment are making Schools and Students Rethink the Value of an Education in The Humanities. (5th April, 2010). Newsweek Web Exclusive. Web. America Council of Learned Societies. Liberal Arts in American Higher Education: Challenges and Opportunities. 2005. American Council of Learned Societies. Print.

British Policy of Appeasement at the Beginning of World War Two Essay

British Policy of Appeasement at the Beginning of World War Two The First World War was the beginning of a new era in fighting. Weapons and fighting technique had drastically changed, making war much more dangerous. With the predictions for the new weapons including poisonous gas and bigger bombs, Great Britain was very much afraid for its citizens, especially men and women of fighting age. The country wished to avoid war at any cost. The choices of Neville Chamberlain and The Parliament favoring appeasement affected the decisions of other European leaders, such as French Premier Daladier, Joseph Stalin, Benito Mussolini, and Winston Churchill, and those choices helped Britain enter the war. Many believe that with the Treaty of Versailles at the end of World War One, the prelude to World War Two was put in motion. At the time many Europeans, who were still hurting from the war, were not concerned that the restrictions put upon Germany were too stringent. But it gave Germans a reason to elect Hitler to the Chancellorship of Germany in 1933. While Britain tried to ignore the new leader of Germany, they could not ignore him any longer when the Saar Basin voted to return to Germany. As part of its World War I repatriations, the Saar Basin had been given to France because of the territory’s natural resources and such.1 Since Germany had now violated the Treaty of Versailles, Britain, France, and Italy gathered at Strea in Italy to discuss a course of action. Britain and France’s main concern was to keep Italy in opposition to the Germans. When Italy decided to attack Ethiopia, Britain was torn between avoiding war or endorsing the unprovoked attack. They left it up to the League of Nations to make the decision. In this deci... ...Lilly, David. (1994). British Reaction to the Munich Crisis, 1. 6. Rempel, Professor Gerhard. (1999). The Nazi-Soviet Pact. Available: http://mars.acnet.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/hitler/lectures/nazisoviet.html [Mar. 4, 2000], 1. 7. Paul, James. (1998). Britain in World War Two. 8. Lilly, David. (1994). British Reaction to the Munich Crisis, 1. 9. John L. Snell, Problems in European Civilization: The Outbreak of the Second World War, (Boston: D.C. Heath and Company, 1962), 6. 10. Rempel, Professor Gerhard. (1999). The Nazi-Soviet Pact, 2. 11. John L. Snell, Problems in European Civilization: The Outbreak of the Second World War, 6-7. 12. Rempel, Professor Gerhard. (1999). The Nazi-Soviet Pact, 3. 13. John L. Snell, Problems in European Civilization: The Outbreak of the Second World War, 9.

Child Observation Paper

Child Observation Paper Jason Betts Pacific Oaks College November 12, 2012 The purpose of this paper is to discuss and review my observation of a 7 year old African American male who is being raised by his grandmother (45 year old Bi-racial female who has 9 children of her own; 7 of the children are still in the house). During my observation of â€Å"Jackson†, I focused on the following domains of child development: * Physical * Cognitive * Social * Emotional I applied Attachment theory throughout the observations, which were completed at his home, at the park, and at the grocery store.I was unable to observe Jackson at his school. Jackson is being raised by his grandmother because his mother is addicted to drugs, and is unable to provide a home for him and his 2 other siblings. Jackson has been raised by the grandmother since age 2. Jackson appears well nourished, dressed appropriately, but looks somewhat withdrawn, especially when interacting with other adults, and sometimes his own family members. Attachment theory is the dynamics of long term relationships between people. The most important relationship is the one between an infant and at least one caregiver.The level of social and emotional development during the relationship is crucial, in order for normal development to occur within the child. The first to develop the theory was John Bowlby, who realized the importance of the child’s relationship with their primary caregiver (usually the mother), in terms of the child’s emotional, cognitive, and social development. The set goal of the attachment behavior system is to maintain the bond with an emotionally available and accessible attachment figure. On September 7, 2012, observation #1 was conducted at the park between 8:30am and 10:00am. I have personally known Jackson’s grandmother for 2 ears. Present at the park was Jackson, 3 of Jackson’s cousins (ages 8, 10, and 11), and Jackson’s grandmother. It was a sunny d ay, and the park was empty at first, but as time passed, a few other families arrived to play. I concentrated on Jackson’s social and emotional development with the use of Attachment theory. During playtime with his cousins, and a few strangers’ children, Jackson was able to play freely for a short period of time, and did not concern himself with the proximity of his caregiver (grandmother) and himself. When agitated for whatever reasons, Jackson was the physical aggressor.This may be related to the ambivalent/resistant attachment he has with his maternal mother. Jackson quickly changed from being positive, to being negative, demonstrated bullying behavior, and his communication skills declined as demonstrated by the profane language he used when upset or agitated. It appears that Jackson has a low self-image and low self-esteem (Ainsworth Attachment Pattern Chart). I think this is why he bullies others. Although Jackson and his grandmother have a somewhat secure attac hment, it is still an insecure attachment, and there are signs of an avoidant attachment pattern.The grandmother has little response when Jackson is distressed, she discourages crying, and reminds Jackson to be independent, and a â€Å"big boy. † On September 21, 2012, observation #2 was conducted at Jackson’s grandmother’s home between the hours of 2:00pm and 3:30pm. It was a sunny day, very hot, and present in the home were all 7 of the grandmother’s children (between the ages of 7-21), and Jackson’s younger siblings (brother-3 years old and sister-4 years old). I concentrated on Jackson’s cognitive and physical development with the use of Attachment theory.Jackson was doing homework, and watching the other children play a video game. The grandmother was in the kitchen cooking dinner. Jackson appeared to be able to work on his subject material without assistance, but was unable to stay focused on the task. The grandmother stated that Jacks on did not perform well in school. I asked Jackson if he received good grades. The other children added their grades to the conversation. They all said they received A’s and B’s. Jackson appeared withdrawn, and was somewhat embarrassed before stating that he did not do well in school.Jackson knows that he can perform better in school. When the other children began to tease Jackson, he was ready to fight some of them. This is typical behavior for Jackson, and is also a pattern of disorganized attachment. Children with a disorganized pattern in infancy tend to show disturbed patterns of relationships, subsequently, their relationships with peers can often be characterized by a â€Å"fight or flight† pattern of alternate aggression and withdrawal. Jackson’s coping skills when upset, threatened, or embarrassed is fight, unless the person is physically bigger than him.If this is the case, Jackson uses flight to cope, and seeks his grandmother for protection an d comfort. On October 13, 2012, observation #3 was conducted at the grocery store and at a fast food restaurant between the hours of 3:00pm and 4:30pm. It was an over cast day, and present at the store and restaurant were 6 of the grandmother’s children (between the ages of 7-21), and Jackson’s mother. I concentrated on Jackson’s social, emotional, and physical development with the use of Attachment theory. Jackson’s mother arrived at the store, and met us inside.I was surprised to see Jackson’s mother, and so was Jackson. The mother and Jackson did not communicate with each other. The mother got upset at the store with the grandmother, and stated she was going to leave, and take Jackson with her. The grandmother said â€Å"No. † Jackson became very upset, and yelled, â€Å"No! †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I hate you! † Jackson was able to calm down when the mother left the scene. This occurred in the parking lot at the store. At the r estaurant, Jackson started bulling the smaller cousins. The grandmother did not correct the behavior.The grandmother stated that Jackson was only playing. This lack of correction reassures Jackson that this behavior is appropriate; solving problems with his fists, and when upset or threatened, to fight his own battles. This is another example of disorganized attachment. Although Jackson is being cared for by his grandmother, in a loving home, due to the disorganized attachment he has with his mother, the maternal deprivation from birth to age 2 or 3, the abuse, trauma, and lack of stability throughout his young life, Jackson has to initially protect himself by demonstrating physical behavior.Jackson uses physical aggression as a coping skill in certain situations. Jackson has been harmed by the abusive non- relationship with his mother, which may have internalized a negative self-image and negative expectations into his relationships with his grandmother and others. The grandmotherà ¢â‚¬â„¢s avoidant style in the relationship has continued the mental abuse of Jackson. There is a lack of an intimate, enjoyable relationship between Jackson and his grandmother, which will continue to have a negative impact on the mental and social development of Jackson.Jackson is seeking stability and appropriate responses to the experiences he encounters daily. Jackson and his family are good candidates for therapy; individual for Jackson, and family therapy for the rest of the family. Jackson’s mother needs drug treatment and counseling, in order to possibly repair the damaged non-relationship she has with Jackson, and with her own mother. According to Ainsworth, the early intervention for disorganized attachment, or other problematic styles, is directed toward changing the trajectory of development to provide a better outcome later in the person's life.Jackson is in great need of intervention. Without intervention, it appears that Jackson will continue his development i nto an angrier, emotionally unbalanced, young man. References Ainsworth, MD (1967). Infancy in Uganda. Baltimore: John Hopkins Press. Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment. Attachment and Loss. Vol. I. London: Hogarth. Bowlby, J. , Ainsworth, M. D. , ; Fry, M. (1965). Child care and the growth of love (2d Ed. ). Baltimore: Penguin Books.